Earth Angels

1 Joying Brescia was8 years old when she noticed that cigarette butts（烟头）were littering her home-

town beach in Isleof Palms,South Carolina.When she learned that it takes five years for theremains of a

cigarette todisintegrate,she decided to take action.Joying Liunched a"No Butts on theBeach"campaign.

She raised money andawareness about the need to keep the beaches clean.With the help ofothers,Joying

also bought orreceived donations of gallon-size plastic ice-cream buckets.The buckets werefilled with sand,

and placed at allpublic-access areas of the beach.The buckets allowed people to dispose of theircigarettes

before hitting thebeach.Two years later,Joying says the buckets are full and the beach in nearlyfree of

cigarette debris（残片）.

2 People who live inor visit Steamboat Springs,Colorado,have Carter Dunham to thank for anew

state wildliferefuge that preserves 20 acres of marshland and many species of wildlife.Carterand other

students wrote amanagement plan for the area around the Yampa River.The plan was part Of a class project

when Carter was afreshman at Steamboat Springs High School.Working with the Colorado Division of

Wildlife,Carter andhis classmates mapped the area and species of animals living there.They alsomade

decisionsabout,among other things,where fences and parking areas should be built.

3 Barbara Brown andher friends collect oil.It started as a project for their 4H Club after one ofthe

girls noticed herfather using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria,Texas.They did some research

and discovered thatoil can contaminate ground water一a real danger in rural areas,where people live off the

water on theirland.The girls researched ways to recycle oil and worked with a local oil一recycling company

on the issue.Now,the"Don't Be Crude" program runs oil-collection sites一tanks that hold up to 460 gal-

lons一where people in the community candispose of their oil.

4 Five yearsago,11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream:for all thepeople in Af-

rica to have cleandrinking water. His dream began in the first grade when he learned that peoplewere dying

because they didn'thave clean water,and that as little as $70 could build a well."We reallytake water

forgranted,"says Ryan,of Kemptville,Ontario,inCanada."Inother countries,you have to plan for it."

Ryan earned thefirst $70 by doing extra chores（零工）,but with the help of others, he has since

raised

hundreds ofthousands of dollars.His efforts led to the start of the Ryan's WellFoundation,which raises

money for cleanwater and health-related services for people in African countries anddeveloping countries.Ryan,with the helpof others,is fulfilling his dream of help African people to____________.

A.make new materials

B.preserve wetlandand animals

C.have clean air

D.have clean water

E.collect cigarettebutts