Clinical Trials

Many clinicaltrials are done to see if a new drug or device is safe and effective for peopleto use.Sometimes clinical trials are used to study different ways to use the

standard treatmentsso they will be more effective,easier to use,and/or decrease sideeffects.Sometimes,studies are done to learn how to best use the treatment in adifferent

population,such aschildren,in whom the treatment was not previously tested.

2. It is importantto test drugs and medical products in the people they are meant to help.It isalso important to conduct research in a variety of people because differentpeople

may respond differentlyto treatments.Some people participate in clinical trials because they haveexhausted standard treatment options .Other people participate in trials

because they want tocontribute to the ad-vancement of medical knowledge.

3. The FDA（食品及药物管理局）works to protect participantsin clinical trials and to ensure that people have reliable information as theydecide whether to join a clinical

trial.Althoughefforts are made to control the risks to clinical trial participants,some risksmay be unavoidable because of the uncertainty inherent（内在的）in medical

research studiesinvolving new medical treatments.

4. People shouldlearn as much as possible about the clinical trials that interest them.Theyshould also feel comfortable discussing their questions and concerns withmembers

of the health careteam. Prospective（预期的）participantsshould understand what happens during the trial ,the type of health care theywill receive,and any costs to

them.Anyoneconsidering a clinical trial should also know that there are benefits and risksassociated with participating.

New drugs ordevices must be tested before being used______.

A.candidates forclinical trials

B. during the trial

C. medical knowledge

D. in humans

E. beforeparticipation